Pixels64

Pixels64

Pixels64 is an 8x8 grid of 64 individually addressable RGB LEDs using the WS2812B package. It’s powered by an ESP32 running CircuitPython with the neopixel library for control. It features a custom-designed circuit board and a 3D-printable housing.

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This repository includes all the files needed to build the Pixel64 display.

• cad - 3D models for housing
• circuit - PCB diagram and schematic
• code - Code for showing various displays
• web - Browser control UI, pairs with bluetooth-experimental over Web Bluetooth
• displays Collection of displays to get inspired. Check them out on Instagram.

Additionally

• my_displays - What I am currently tinkering on to display.

The PCB is designed to be modular, allowing multiple boards to be combined in an N x M configuration for any display size.

Setup

Tools

• Wire cutters
• Soldering Iron

Components

• esp32
• Three different colors of wire (Red, Black, Blue)
• White Filament
• Black Filament
• 4x pixel64 Boards
• 16x M3x6x4.2 Brass Knurled Nuts
• 16x M3x5 Metal Screws

Quick Setup

1. Print base-plate.stl and walls.stl in black. Print case.stl in white.
2. Upload files in jlcpcb and order from JLCPCB
3. Cut wire to length
   • 3x 25mm Red
   • 3x 25mm Blue
   • 3x 25mm Black
   • 1x 12mm Red
   • 1x 12mm Blue
   • 1x 12mm Black
4. Solder boards together.
   • Blue (data) goes to the center pad. Red (power) to the square pad. Black (power) to the circle pad.
   • Solder the short wires to the DataIn1 of the first PCB.
   • Solder the long wires from Dataout1 to the DataIn1 of the next PCB.
   • Repeat the previous step two more times.
5. Use a soldering iron to press fit the brass knurled nuts into the risers on the base-plate.stl.
6. Screw in the boards.
   • Note that all of the boards are oriented with DataIn1 at the bottom.
   • The arrangement of boards is

   3 4
   1 2

7. Setup virtual environment python -m venv venv inside the code directory
8. Use virtual environment `source venv/bin/activate
9. Install dependencies pip install -r requirements.txt
10. Setup device
    1. Wipe device esptool.py --chip esp32 --port [device] erase_flash
    2. Download MicroPython - Your device may be different.
    3. esptool.py --chip esp32 --port [device] --baud 460800 write_flash -z 0x1000 file.uf2
11. Run write.sh script to upload files to device.
12. Pres the en button to shuffle the displays.

Additional Notes

CAD

Case

• The case.stl services as the "screen" of the pixel64. It can be challenging to get a clean print of such a size. You'll need very good first layer adhesion. An alternative here would be to make a case out of white acrylic instead or cover the walls with a white sheet of paper.

Code

Useful commands

• Get a list of connected devices
  • ls /dev/cu.* /dev/tty.*
  • The desired device should look something like tty.usbserial-0001
• Get a terminal to esp32
  • mpremote
  • Note - you can't use the print statement while uploading code.
  • Be sure to setup your Python virtual environment before running mpremote.
  • ctrl + ] to exit
  • ctrl + c and ctrl + d to soft reboot and cycle through displays.
• Send file to esp32
  • ampy --port /dev/tty.usbserial-0001 put boot.py
  • If put fails, reconnect device.
  • Push button with "en" to launch code.
• Remove a file
  • ampy --port /dev/tty.usbserial-0001 rm boot.py
• List files
  • ampy --port /dev/tty.usbserial-0001 ls

Circuit

NeoPixel Mapping

The LED circuit board I designed supports multiple configurations, meaning the default ordering of NeoPixels may not match the expected layout. For example, setting neopixel[0] = (255, 255, 255) won't necessarily light up the top-left LED.

This script cycles through each pixel one at a time, allowing you to determine the actual order. Once identified, we can remap the ordering. For example, the physical layout might be:

 3  2  1  0
 7  6  5  4
11 10  9  8
15 14 13 12

We can then transform it into a more intuitive sequence:

 0  1  2  3
 4  5  6  7
 8  9 10 11
12 13 14 15

This remapping ensures easier indexing and consistent control over the LEDs.

Take the following code and save it to main.py

import machine
import time
import neopixel

NEO_PIXEL_PIN = 13
NEO_PIXEL_COUNT = 64

neo_pin = machine.Pin(NEO_PIXEL_PIN, machine.Pin.OUT)
np = neopixel.NeoPixel(neo_pin, NEO_PIXEL_COUNT)


def set_pixel(i, r, g, b):
    np[i] = (r, g, b)
    np.write()


def main():
    while True:
        for i in range(64):
            set_pixel(i, 255, 0, 0)
            time.sleep_ms(2000)
            set_pixel(i, 0, 0, 0)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Upload the code to the esp32

ampy --port [replace with your device] put main.py

Place a sheet of paper over the LEDs and tape in place.

Press the en button on the esp32 to run the code.

You should see the LEDs light up in a red color.

Mark the first LED that lights up as 0 and complete until done.

Now, starting from the top left, write the numbers of the LEDs in a left to right top to bottom order in the config.py file, replacing the variable LOOKUP.