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2 layers125 × 125 mmThrow away, the printed circuit board in 3D

Gap Dipole antenna tuner firmware

Size
125 × 125 mm
Copper layers
2
Thickness
1.6 mm
Parts
30
Nets
183
Pads
277
Tracks, vias
0, 0
Routed
Not yet
KiCad
KiCad 9.0 (file 20241229)
Created
6 Feb 2025
Updated
1 Apr 2026

Overview

Throw away is an open-source printed circuit board by billschell, from the billschell/gap_tuner repository on GitHub. It is a 2-layer board of 125 × 125 mm with 30 parts on 183 nets.

It is built around the ESP32-S3-DEVKITC-1-N8, EE2-3TNU and EE2-3NU. Its parts include 10 resistors, 9 switches, 6 ICs and 5 capacitors. It belongs with the radio and wireless boards and the ESP32 boards of this library.

Main components

3

README

README.md

Gap Dipole antenna tuner firmware

(work in progress)

The Gap Dipole is an antenna and remote tuner that allows both changing the length of the dipole in real time, via switched relays, and remote tuning. The tuner hardware sits at the antenna feed point and is controlled over WiFi. The ESP32 in the tuner provides a web server which supplies the control page for the tuner. The control web page (accessed via phone,table, computer, etc.), provides a UI to operate the tuner functions.

A unique feature of the Gap dipole is that it is characterized once with a VNA, and that characterization is uploaded to the tuner over WiFi. After that, when the user switches frequency that freqency is given to the tuner and it tunes the antenna to the best possible match based on the VNA characterizaton, without the traditional need to transmit a signal while the tuner tries various tuning network combinations.

We are currently using the ESP32-S3-DevKitC-1U-N8 from Espressif (with the ipex antenna connector), as we have experienced reliability issues with some clones.

📡 GAPTuner Wi-Fi Setup Guide

This guide will help you connect your GAPTuner to your local Wi-Fi network using a browser-based setup. Once connected, you'll be able to access the control interface from any device on your network.


🛠️ Getting Started

When powered on for the first time, GAPTuner creates its own Wi-Fi network so you can configure it.


✅ Step 1: Power On the GAPTuner

  • Plug in your GAPTuner.
  • It will boot into Access Point (AP) mode, broadcasting its own Wi-Fi network.

✅ Step 2: Connect to the GAPTuner's Wi-Fi

  • Open the Wi-Fi settings on your phone, tablet, or computer.

  • Look for a network named: GAP Tuner AP - XXXX (where XXXX is a unique ID for your device)

  • Connect to it.

  • Password: (if applicable – depends on your device's configuration)

✅ Step 3: Open the Setup Page

  • Your device may automatically open a configuration page.
  • If not, open a browser and go to: http://192.168.4.1

✅ Step 4: Enter Your Wi-Fi Information

  • Select your home Wi-Fi network from the list.
  • Enter your Wi-Fi password.
  • Click Connect.

✅ Step 5: Wait for Reboot

  • GAPTuner will save your Wi-Fi credentials and reboot.
  • It will now attempt to connect to your Wi-Fi network as a regular device using DHCP.

✅ Step 6: Reconnect Your Device to Wi-Fi

  • Return to your device's Wi-Fi settings.
  • Reconnect to your normal home Wi-Fi network.

✅ Step 7: Access GAPTuner on Your Network

Once the GAPTuner connects to your network, you can access its control interface.

💡 Note: This uses multicast DNS (mDNS). It works on:

  • macOS and iOS (built-in)
  • Windows 10+ (modern versions)
  • Android (with certain apps)
  • Linux with avahi-daemon

If this doesn’t work, use a network scanner app to find the device’s IP address.

🔄 What If Something Goes Wrong?

If GAPTuner fails to connect to your Wi-Fi (wrong password, signal issue, etc.):

  • It will automatically return to AP mode.
  • Just repeat the setup process from Step 2.

Current Web UI image:

Image

Parts

30
QtyValueFootprintReferences
1010KResistor_SMD:R_0805_2012Metric_Pad1.20x1.40mm_HandSolderR11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R16, R17, R18, R19, R20
8EE2-3TNURelay_SMD:Relay_DPDT_Kemet_EE2_NU_DoubleCoilK2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7, K8, K9
50.1ufCapacitor_SMD:C_0805_2012Metric_Pad1.18x1.45mm_HandSolderC1, C2, C3, C4, C5
5MAX4820xUPPackage_SO:HTSSOP-20-1EP_4.4x6.5mm_P0.65mm_EP2.85x4mmU1, U2, U3, U4, U5
1EE2-3NURelay_SMD:Relay_DPDT_Kemet_EE2_NUK1
1ESP32-S3-DevKitCEspressif:ESP32-S3-DevKitCU6

Questions

How big is the Throw away PCB?

It measures 125 × 125 mm and has 2 copper layers, 1.6 mm thick.

What parts does the Throw away use?

30 parts, built around the ESP32-S3-DEVKITC-1-N8, EE2-3TNU and EE2-3NU. The full list of its parts is on this page, with links to each part's symbol and footprint where PCBKit's library has them.

Where can I download the Throw away KiCad files?

From the billschell/gap_tuner repository on GitHub, at the commit this page was made from: the board is board_max/throw_away.kicad_pcb and its schematic board/Gap_dipole.kicad_sch. PCBKit opens the board in the browser, with nothing to install.

Can I use the Throw away design in my own project?

Its repository states no licence, so its author keeps all rights: ask billschell before reusing the design.

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