Multi paramter Medicals

Multi-Parameter Patient Monitoring System

Project Topic: Design and Development of a Multi-Parameter Patient Monitoring System with ECG Arrhythmia Detection, Real-Time Data Storage, and Wireless Remote Display.

This repository holds the hardware design (schematic, PCB, footprints, fabrication files) for the patient-side sensor and actuator unit. Firmware and the ML/logic layer on the Raspberry Pi are maintained separately by the software team; this repo covers circuitry only.

What this device does

The board sits at the patient's bedside and handles all direct sensor and actuator interfacing:

• Reads ECG (AD8232), SpO2/pulse (MAX30102), body temperature (DS18B20), and blood pressure cuff pressure (MPXHZ6400).
• Drives a pump and a solenoid/valve for the blood pressure cuff inflate/deflate cycle.
• Displays local status on a 2.4" OLED and gives audible alerts through a buzzer.
• Streams sensor data wirelessly and receives commands over WiFi/MQTT.

The Raspberry Pi 5 sits on the nurse side, runs the ML model (arrhythmia detection), logic, data storage, and drives an HDMI display plus a web app. It never touches the patient directly, all sensor/actuator interfacing is the ESP32's job.

System architecture (high level)

\[Patient side]                              \[Nurse side]
ESP32 (sensors + actuators + OLED + buzzer)  <--MQTT/WiFi-->  Raspberry Pi 5 (ML, logic, storage, HDMI, web app)

MQTT topic structure (for reference, implemented in firmware):

Pi publishes (commands to ESP32):

• pi/control/pump
• pi/control/valve
• pi/display/oled
• pi/control/buzzer

Pi subscribes (data from ESP32):

• esp32/sensors/ecg
• esp32/sensors/bp
• esp32/sensors/temp
• esp32/sensors/pulse
• esp32/status/pump

A full block diagram will be added to docs/ covering both the electrical and system-level data flow.

Repository structure

Multi-parameter Medical Measurement/
|-- libraries/
|     |-- 3d          (3D models for footprints, if used)
|     |-- footprints   (custom KiCad footprints, e.g. module outlines)
|     |-- symbols      (custom KiCad symbols for breakout modules)
|-- fabrication         (gerbers, drill files, BOM, pick-and-place, for JLCPCB)
|-- kicad                (project file, schematic, PCB layout)
|-- docs                 (this documentation, block diagrams, reference notes)

Hardware summary

Full pin mapping and design rationale are in docs/circuit\_documentation.md.

Fabricated single-layer patient-side monitoring board

Power architecture

3x 18650 (3S) + BMS -> LM2596 buck -> 5V rail

Getting started

1. Open kicad/Multi-parameter Medicals.kicad\_pro in KiCad 9.0.7 or later.
2. Custom symbols and footprints for breakout modules (AD8232, MAX30102, LM2596 module, BMS module) live under libraries/, make sure these are added to your project's library table before opening the schematic, or KiCad will show missing symbol/footprint errors.
3. The board is single-layer, routed with net ties and jumper wires (JP1-JP6, NT1-NT3) to work around single-layer constraints. If you're re-routing, keep the ground pour intact between the analog sensor section (left side) and the motor/switching section (right side), see the documentation for why.
4. Before sending to fab, run a full DRC pass and verify trace widths on the high-current nets (battery/BMS input, pump, solenoid) against actual component current ratings.

Team

Circuit design (schematic + PCB): Smart Ayodele Firmware and ML/logic: student team